Abstract: In view of the problem that collapse column and associated fault are generally developed which seriously affects mine safety production, this paper proposed that collapse columns and associated faults should be regarded as a geological structure consortium which was named collapse column-fault composite structure. Based on a large number of gas geological data in Lijialou Mine Field, the development causes and distribution laws of collapse column-fault composite structure were summarized in depth, and combining with field gas parameter test, the influence of composite structure on gas occurrence was explored. The results showed that the distribution of collapse column-fault composite structure in Lijialou Mine Field was controlled by regional structure. The exposed composite structure generally developed in the axis of the Yingnanfeng syncline, and its associated faults were small in scale with a fragmented upper wall. The gas occurrence around the composite structure was abnormal, and the closer it is to the composite structure, the higher the gas content and gas desorption index of drill cuttings are, and the more the composite structure controls the gas in the local area.