Abstract: To accurately analyze the spontaneous combustion mechanism of coal seams in western Inner Mongolia area of China and the microscopic characteristics of coal spontaneous combustion, Jurassic experimental coal samples and Carboniferous comparative coal samples were selected to reveal the moisture in coal through industrial analysis of coal, static oxygen uptake and temperature programmed experiments. The influence of water, volatiles, ash, oxygen consumption and coal organic gas generation rate on coal spontaneous combustion tendency was studied. After measuring and finishing, it is known that the spontaneous combustion tendency of the Jurassic coal seam is positively correlated with the moisture and volatile matter content in the coal sample, but negatively correlated with the ash content. The static oxygen uptake of Jurassic coal samples exceeded 0.70 cm3/g and was higher than that of Carboniferous coal samples. At about 130 °C, the formation rates of CO and CO₂ in Jurassic coal samples were 0.08 t/°C and 0.1 t/°C, CH₄ is derived from the coal body itself, and the temperature rises to 120 °C to generate C₂H₆, and 150 °C precipitates C₂H₄. It indicates that the oxidation of the western Inner Mongolia Jurassic coal in the low-temperature oxidation stage is more severe.