Abstract: To study the variation law of gob pressure and abutment pressure on coal pillar with the degree of compacting gangue in gob, by means of laboratory test and numerical simulation, the relationship between the compression modulus of gangue in goaf and the compaction rate of gangue was discussed, and the change law of the pressure distribution of gangue in goaf with the compaction rate of gangue was analyzed. Based on the elastic foundation beam theory and elastic-plastic limit equilibrium theory, the relation between the abutment pressure on the coal pillar and the gangue pressure in the goaf is established, and the influence law of the peak value of the abutment pressure on the coal pillar and the peak value position on the gangue compaction rate is analyzed. Finally, the relationship between the compression modulus of gangues in goaf and the compaction rate of gangues was applied to FLAC^3D numerical simulation, which was compared with the theory and proved that the two results were basically consistent. The results show that the higher the compaction rate of gangue, the faster the goaf pressure will recover, and the closer the pressure will be to the original rock stress, and the closer the peak position of supporting pressure on the corresponding coal pillar will be to the coal wall, and the smaller the pressure peak will be.