Abstract: To effectively prevent and control the counterproductive work behavior of coal mine employees, taking psychological contract breach as a mediator variable, and using the data from 318 effective questionnaires of coal mining enterprises in Shanxi Province, we use structural equation model method to explore the mechanism of organizational justice on miners’ counterproductive work behavior. The results show that all dimensions of organizational justice negatively affect the counterproductive work behavior of miners, and the order of influence is interactive justice, procedural justice and distributive justice; the psychological contract breach has a significant positive impact on the miners’ counterproductive work behavior; the psychological contract breach plays a part of mediating role in the relationship between organizational justice and counterproductive work behavior of miners.