Abstract: Aiming at the mature development of light-emitting diode （LED） technology and imaging communication analysis technology, combined with the requirement of positioning accuracy of underground personnel positioning system, a coal mine underground personnel positioning method based on visible light communication and camera image acquisition and analysis technology is proposed. The method uses the underground explosion-proof camera to collect the visible light signal image of the LED miner’s lamp, and identifies the mine personnel coding information bound with the miner’s lamp, uses the visible light image recognition algorithm to determine the position information of the mine personnel and locate the mine personnel. The experimental results show that the system positioning error is not more than 0.4 m and the response time is not more than 0.368 s. The positioning method can effectively improve the positional positioning accuracy and real-time performance.