Abstract: Deformation control of surrounding rock in deep roadway is one of the key topics in deep geotechnical soil. In this paper, the influence of the maximum geo-stress direction on the force and failure modes of the chamber is adopted. The model test of the surrounding rock failure mechanism simulation test system of the deep roadway is carried out. In the model test chamber, the straight wall arch chamber was used, and the strain values of the surrounding rock of the chamber were recorded by the strain gauges. The three groups of experiments were carried out with the maximum load and the axis of the chamber at 90°, 60° and 0° （parallel）. The study of this model test shows that at 60° and 90°, only the side wall of the chamber is ruptured, and the radial strain generated in the vault and the bottom of the floor is under pressure, which has no obvious effect on the failure mode of the chamber; at 0° （parallel）, the arch, the bottom plate and the side wall of the chamber are all broken. The radial strain generated in the vault and the bottom of the floor is the tension state, which has a significant effect on the failure mode of the chamber. Simulation test of surrounding rock failure mechanism of deep roadway can better simulate the surrounding rock failure mechanism of deep roadway.