Abstract: In order to explore the influencing mechanism of unsafe behavior of miners, from the perspective of organizational justice, based on SEM theory, we constructed the theoretical model of organizational justice on unsafe behavior of miners, and took job satisfaction as the intermediary variable. Through statistical analysis of data from 297 questionnaires of miners in a coal mining group in Shanxi Province, the results show that organizational justice has a significant impact on miners’ job satisfaction and unsafe behavior. Job satisfaction plays a partial intermediary role in the relationship between distributive justice, procedural justice and interpersonal justice and unsafe behaviors, and a complete intermediary role in the relationship between information fairness and unsafe behaviors. In view of this, in the work of coal safety management, the sense of organizational justice should be gradually improved, the job satisfaction should be enhanced, and then the unsafe behavior of miners should be effectively reduced.