Abstract: This paper discusses the influence mechanism of organizational political perception on miners’ safety behavior and the moderating effect of safety transformational leadership in this relationship. 270 undergroundminers in three big coal enterprises in Shanxi Province were taken as research objects to conduct questionnaire survey and research. SPSS21.0 was adopted to test theoretical model and research hypothesis. The results showed that general political behavior and political salary promotion were significantly negatively correlated with safety participation and safety compliance, and the benefits of keeping silent and waiting were significantly negatively correlated with safety compliance; safety transformational leadership is positively correlated with safety behavior;safety transformational leadership moderates the relationship between organizational political perception and safety behavior. Coal mine managers should attach importance to the organizational political perception of miners and improve the safety management level of coal mines by providing a fair political environment.