西北地区风化岩土体冻结特性及抗压强度分析
Analysis of Freezing Characteristics and Compressive Strength of Weathered Rock Mass in Northwest China
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摘要: 陕北侏罗纪煤田榆横矿区松散层较厚,岩石风化严重,冻结井筒施工设计需要依据表土和风化岩石的冻结特性和力学参数。目前对于风化岩土体的冻结特性及力学性质尚未有研究,根据榆横矿区钻孔风化岩土体取样,对细砂、黏土、细粒砂岩、粉砂岩和砂质泥岩试件进行了冻结温度、冻胀特性和冻结单轴抗压方面的试验研究。结果表明:表土的冻结温度介于-1.0~-1.5 ℃之间,风化岩层冻结温度相对较低,介于-2.5~-3.0 ℃之间;表土的冻胀率和冻胀力明显大于风化岩石;随冻结温度的降低,试件的抗压强度逐渐增大,且增长幅度呈加快的趋势;冻结温度对细砂、黏土和粉砂岩抗压强度的增强幅度相对较大,对细粒砂岩和砂质泥岩的增强幅度相对较小。Abstract: The loose layer of Yuheng Mining Area in Jurassic coalfield in northern Shaanxi is thick and the weathering of the rock is serious. Freezing wellbore construction design needs to be based on the freezing characteristics and mechanical parameters of topsoil and weathered rock. At present, the freezing characteristics and mechanical properties of weathered rock and soil have not been studied. Based on the sampling of borehole weathered rock soil in Yuheng Mining Area, the experimental study on freezing temperature, frost heaving characteristics and freezing uniaxial compression of fine sand, clay, fine sandstone, siltstone and sandy mudstone specimens was carried out. The results show that the freezing temperature of topsoil is between -1.0 °C and -1.5 °C. The freezing temperature of weathered rock layers is relatively low, ranging from -2.5 °C to -3.0 °C. The frost heaving rate and frost heaving force of topsoil are significantly larger than that of weathered rock. With the decrease of freezing temperature, the compressive strength of the test piece gradually increased, and the growth rate showed an increasing trend. The freezing temperature increases the compressive strength of fine sand, clay and siltstone relatively, and the reinforcement of fine sandstone and sandy mudstone is relatively small.
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