Abstract: After the coal mine accident, the psychology of the trapped people in the well was greatly affected, which reduced the ability of the trapped people to deal with the crisis and affected the effective development of the rescue. To improve the probability of survival and the effectiveness of rescue, this study analyzed the psychological changes of the trapped people based on rheology-mutation theory. The results show that under the long-term occupational pressure, the abrupt and destructive accident of coal mine has a strong impact on the psychology of the trapped persons, and the psychological changes conform to the law of rheology-mutation. It is a key measure to improve the probability of survival and the effectiveness of rescue by improving the psychological coping ability of employees and the level of rescue in coal mine enterprises from the aspects of training the psychological coping ability of employees and strengthening the emergency rescue ability construction of coal mine enterprises.