超深孔爆破扩裂提高硬岩巷道机掘效能技术
Ultra Deep Hole Blasting Cracking to Improve Excavating Efficiency of Hard Rock Roadway
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摘要: 为了解决煤矿全断面硬岩巷道采用岩石掘进机掘进过程中出现的掘进效率低、截齿损耗大、粉尘严重等问题,提出超深孔爆破扩裂技术,增大岩体内裂隙与损伤范围,保留机掘岩巷的速度优势。以新元煤矿为例,通过改进超深孔爆破技术工艺,结合典型岩样静、动力学实验,确定超深孔爆破设计参数,井下试验表明:在全断面为硬岩的情况下该技术方案可以减少59.8%的截齿消耗,平均粉尘量降低幅度达到了49.9%,显著降低掘进成本,改善工作环境。Abstract: To solve the problems of low excavation efficiency, large cutting tooth loss and serious dust in the tunneling process of full-section hard rock roadway in coal mine, the ultra-deep hole blasting cracking technology is proposed to increase the crack and damage range in the rock mass, and to keep the speed advantage of tunneling soft rock roadway. Taking Xinyuan Coal Mine as an example, the ultra-deep hole blasting design parameters are determined by improving the ultra-deep hole blasting technology and the typical rock sample static and dynamic experiments. The field test shows that the technical scheme can reduce the pick consumption by 59.8%, and the average dust amount decreases by 49.9% in the case of full-section hard rock, which significantly reduces the cost of tunneling and improves the working environment.
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