Abstract: Nowadays, several problems exist in the field of miners’ unsafe behavior analysis, such as the various styles of knowledge organization, the information isomerism and the lack of sharing and reuse of the knowledge on influence factors of miners’unsafe behavior. To solve these problems and realize the intelligent early warning of miners’ unsafe behavior, this paper proposes the ontology of influencing factors of miners’ unsafe behavior. By analyzing the field knowledge of the influential factors of the unsafe behavior of miners, the important ontology terminology and its intrinsic semantic relation in the refining field, we propose a method of constructing the ontology on the factors affecting the unsafe behavior of miners. At the same time, we use the ontology for reasoning by using the Python programming interface, taking the miners’ heart rate and noise in working environment as an example. Experimental results prove that the internal and external factors can influence the unsafe behavior of miners. The results of inference show that this ontology can be used for the precaution of unsafe behavior of miners and is beneficial to the sharing and reusing of knowledge of miners’unsafe behavior.