采煤沉陷区地表水土流失时空演化研究
Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Surface Soil Erosion in Mining Subsidence Areas
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摘要: 为研究采煤沉陷区坡面地表水土流失时空演化规律,通过室内模拟实验研究不同降雨强度和坡度条件下的坡面地表水土流失特征。实验研究表明:坡面平均流速与降雨强度整体呈正比关系,即在相同坡度条件下,随降雨强度的增加,坡面的平均流速增加;弱降雨下水流含沙量随坡度的变化无明显变化规律,中、强降雨条件下,坡面坡度对含沙量变化呈2个阶段影响作用:第1阶段,随坡度增加,含沙量减少,呈负相关;第2阶段,随坡度增加,含沙量近线性增加,呈正相关。Abstract: To study the temporal and spatial evolution of surface water and soil erosion on the slope surface of coal mining subsidence area, in this paper, indoor simulation experiments were conducted to study the characteristics of surface soil erosion on slopes under different rainfall intensity and slope conditions. Experimental studies show that the slope surface average velocity is directly proportional to the rainfall intensity. Under the same slope, with the increase of rainfall intensity, the average velocity of the slope increases. There is no obvious change rule of sediment concentration in the flow under weak rainfall; under the conditions of moderate and heavy rainfall, slope gradient has two stages of effect on the change of sediment concentration. In the first stage, as the gradient increases, the sediment concentration decreases, showing a negative effect. In the second stage, with the increase of slope, the sediment concentration increases nearly linearly, showing a positive correlation.
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