Abstract: Through the improved coal sample gas desorption device, the constant temperature gas desorption quantity and desorption velocity data of tectonic coal and primary coal under different equilibrium pressure are accurately measured, and the gas desorption characteristics of tectonic coal are analyzed. The experimental results show that the gas desorption curve of tectonic coal has obvious sectional characteristics compared with that of the primary structural coal. In the first 1 minute, the gas desorption amount of tectonic coal can reach 31.55% to 38.07% of the total desorption amount in 120 minutes, which is much higher than that of the primary coal under the same condition(10.94% to 14.24%). The initial desorption of tectonic coal can reach 10.11 mL/(g·min) to 15.75 mL/(g·min), which is 1.72 to 2.32 times faster than primary structural coal. Therefore, the initial desorption characteristics of tectonic coal are mainly controlled by the desorption characteristics in the first 1 minute. The relationship between the desorption index of drill cuttings K₁ and the average thickness of tectonic coal is analyzed, and the relationship between them is linear and significantly positive, indicating that the risk of coal and gas outburst increases significantly in the area where tectonic coal is developed.