千米级深井上保护层开采下伏煤层卸压效果研究
Study on Pressure Unloading Effect of Lower Coal Seam Under Upper Protective Layer in a Kilometer Deep Well
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摘要: 为深入研究千米级深井上保护层开采下伏煤层卸压效果,以埋深超千米的平煤十二矿己14-31070工作面为依托,利用YHW19矿用本安型顶底板位移监测仪对其下伏己15煤层的膨胀变形量进行现场监测。结果表明,随着己14保护层工作面推进,下伏己15煤层膨胀变形量经历了初期平缓增长,中期迅速增长,后期趋于稳定3个阶段,且距采面15~45 m区域为保护层开采卸压主要影响区域,该区域内被保护煤层膨胀变形量受开采速度变化影响显著;己15煤层最大膨胀变形平均值为22.4 mm,最大膨胀变形量平均值为6.82‰,被保护层煤层卸压充分;数据点拟合发现,煤层膨胀变形量、单孔瓦斯浓度与瓦斯抽放总量在整个监测周期内均较好符合一元三次多项式的增长趋势,整个回采过程卸压特征明显,卸压效果显著。Abstract: To study the pressure unloading effect of lower coal seam under upper protective layer in the mine with the depth over 1 000 m, YHW19 mine-used intrinsically safe roof and floor displacement monitor is used to monitor the swelling deformation of the underlying Ji15 coal seam, which is based on the Ji14-31070 working face buried in No.12 coal mine with the depth over 1 000 meters. The results show that with the advance of the Ji14 protective layer, the swelling deformation of the lower seam Ji15 has experienced a slow growth in the early stage, the rapid growth in the middle period and the stable stage in the later period, and the area of 15 m to 45 m away from the mining face is the main influence area of protective seam mining pressure unloading. The swelling deformation of the protected seam in this area is significantly affected by the change of mining speed. The average value of maximum swelling deformation of Ji15 coal seam is 22.4 mm, and the average value of maximum swelling deformation is 6.82‰. The protected layer is fully unloaded. The data point fitting shows that the swelling deformation of coal seam, the gas concentration of single hole and the total gas drainage are in good accord with the growth trend of the three times polynomial with one element in the whole monitoring period. The effect of pressure unloading is obvious and the effect of pressure unloading is remarkable.
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