Abstract: Work fatigue is an important factor that causes coal mine accidents. The factors influencing the fatigue of underground operation of coal mine is explored, and the factors influencing the fatigue of underground operation of coal mine is constructed. Sample data were collected by compiling and releasing questionnaires. The sample data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 software, and five impact factors were extracted: the work itself, the worker, the working environment, the machinery equipment, and the organization and management. The model for influence factors of underground working fatigue in coal mine was constructed, and the model was validated by AMOS 17.0 software. The research results show that the effect degree of fatigue on underground coal mine operation in turn is: organization and management > work itself > machinery equipment > working environment > worker. Then, the corresponding countermeasures were proposed according to the degree of underground work fatigue in coal mine.