Abstract: In order to get more accurate evaluation index weights of stability of coal roadway surrounding rock, AHP and PCA are used to calculate subjective and objective weight, and then the optimal proportion factor is determined to calculate the combined weight by evaluation and test. Taking 58 samples of laneway as the research object, the paper selects 7 influencing factors as the roof strength of the roadway, the strength of coal seam, the strength of the roadway floor, the ratio of direct top height and mining height, the depth of the roadway, the width of the adjacent coal pillar and the first falling distance of the direct top fall, and finally determines the optimal ratio factor of 0.6, and the weights of the index are 0.12, 0.12, 0.10, 0.13, 0.15, 0.29 and 0.18. By comparing the correlation between the evaluation results of different proportions and the relative displacement of the surrounding rock, the subjective and objective comprehensive weighting method combining AHP and PCA to determine the weight of the stability evaluation index of coal roadway surrounding rock is reliable and more accurate than the single AHP or PCA to determine the weight.