Abstract: Based on cyclic loading and unloading tests, the size of hysteresis loop area is calculated by data processing software, and the correlation between hysteresis loop and cycle number is analyzed, and the fitting formula of cycle number and hysteresis loop is fitted by data processing. The relationship between dissipation energy, elastic energy and plastic property is analyzed by using the fitting formula. The position of hysteresis loop moves to the right with the increase of cycle times. The elastic energy dissipation energy of rock increases with the increase of cycle times after the first loading and unloading, and the plastic energy has no fixed tendency with the increase of cycles because the strength of rock is randomly distributed. The friction between recoverable cracks decreases gradually and the energy required by elastic strain decreases gradually with the increase of cycle times.