动静载压架机理及综合爆破防治技术
Mechanism of Dynamic and Static Load Support Crushing and Comprehensive Blasting Prevention Technique
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摘要: 为防治神府矿区浅埋近距煤层群开采时易发生的切顶压架灾害,采用调研、理论分析、数值模拟及工程实践综合研究手段,提出动静载压架机理及1种综合爆破防治技术。研究结果表明在采动影响下上覆残留煤柱集中静载应力与煤柱覆岩破断失稳引起的动载应力耦合诱发煤柱失稳,传递冲击动载并剪切层间岩层而引发切顶压架灾害。结合防治方针提出1种爆破煤柱及其直接顶防治技术,既松动卸压又降载减冲,在神木某矿3个工作面的压架灾害防治工程中得以成功应用。Abstract: In order to prevent the roof cutting and support crushing disaster which is easy to occur in shallow-buried and short-range coal seams mining in Shenfu Mining Area, by the means of survey, theoretical analysis, simulation experiment and field measurement, the mechanism of dynamic and static load support crushing and one blasting prevention technique are proposed. The result found that coupling of static load caused by residual coal pillar and the dynamic load stress caused by broken and destabilized overlying strata above the coal pillars led to the failure of coal pillars and passed the impact dynamic load and sheared the stratum between seams and caused roof cutting and support crushing disaster. Combined the prevention and control approach, one kind of blasting coal pillar and its direct roof control technology are proposed, which not only releases concentrated load but also absorbs dynamic load, this technique has been verified by crushing disaster prevention projects at three working face of one coal mine in Shenmu.
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Keywords:
- concentrated coal pillar /
- static stress /
- dynamic stress /
- support crushing disaster /
- blasting
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