Abstract: Taking the mining roadway of Hongling Coal Mine 15141 fully mechanized caving face as the research background, combined with field survey, theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and field test, the stress of soft broken surrounding rock stress distribution law of mining roadway is studied, the reasonable width of protective pillar is determined, the evolution laws and stability mechanism of stress and strain of soft broken surrounding rock are revealed; on this basis, the asymmetric control technology of soft broken surrounding rock roadway is proposed. Field application shows that: setting up narrow coal pillar support and the use of high resistance, high prestress and asymmetric coupling support with high water quick setting grouting material technology, the dynamic pressure under the influence of soft rock roadway deformation can be effectively controlled, the stability of surrounding rock can be guaranteed during the service period.