Abstract: In order to deeply understand the impact of research and development investment on production safety of coal enterprises in China, the correlation between them was investigated on the base of statistics of accidents and research and development fund from 2006 to 2016. Research results reveal that the input of research and development fund plays a promoting and lagging effect on the safety production of coal enterprises. From economic and practical perspective, there was a critical or reasonable value of research and development fund within a certain period of time. The regression equation was established by means of Logistics nonlinear regression for the time series of research and development fund in China’s coal mining enterprises. The ideal value of research and development fund is ￥4.034/t for coal mining enterprises at this stage, which was calculated by the regression equation. The quantitative result was proved to be reasonable by using the actual data of input of research and development fund.