Abstract: To evaluate the risk of gas explosion in the complex gas explosion index system, risk evaluation model of gas explosion based on catastrophe progression theory was proposed. We constructed assessment index system based on the principal component analysis and catastrophe progression to form “object-machine-human-management” four aspects to carry out multi-level decomposition from twenty-eight factors affecting gas explosion, and the evaluation model satisfying the requirements of catastrophe progression method was established; 4 coal mining faces were taken as the examples to determine the relative importance of each layer indicator; after the nondimensionalization and normalization processing of the influencing factors, catastrophe progression value was determined, and the results were compared with gray analytical hierarchy process. The study shows that the result of the two models was consistent, and the validity and reliability of the proposed method are verified.