Abstract: To explore the effect of personal control on the unsafe behavior of miners, 83 miners of a coal mining group in Shanxi province were randomly selected as the research objects, and the method of combining questionnaire survey and control experiment was used to study and analyze. The results show that the four dimensions of control self-evaluation, job satisfaction, happiness and positive attitude can effectively measure the level of personal control of miners; four dimensions, such as suggestion, activity, negative emotion and illegal operation can be used to measure the unsafe behavior of the miners; before and after the experiment, the self-reported control force of “control group promotion” miners increased by 0.35, job satisfaction increased by 0.22, happy degree increased by 0.60, positive attitude improved 0.44, advice is increased by 4.37, take part in the activity increased by 4.13, negative emotions decreased by 0.41, illegal operation decreased by 0.40; before and after the experiment, the self-assessment control force of the miners in control group decreased by 0.44, job satisfaction decreased by 0.17, happy decreased by 0.21, positive attitude did not change significantly （P= 0.095 > 0.005）, the suggestions decreased by 0.60, participate in the activities reduced by 0.60, negative emotions did not change significantly （P= 0.087 > 0.005）, illegal operation increased by 0.31. It can be seen that the level of personal control force has a significant effect on the unsafe behavior of miners.