Abstract: In order to study the hydrochemical characteristics and control factors of groundwater in Gubei Mining Area, to quickly and accurately provide basis for distinguishing mine water inrush sources, in this paper, the conventional mathematical statistics, Piper diagram, correlation analysis, TDS and diagram, Gibbs diagram and the ions ratio coefficient six kinds of methods of groundwater are used to systematically study and analyze 22 water samples from the study area. The results show that the aquifer is generally weakly alkaline; K⁺ and Na⁺ were the main cations in the groundwater with Cl^- being occupied anionic, HCO₃^- and SO₄^2- second; hydrochemistry type of Cenozoic group and roof sandstone of coal mine was Cl-Na+K, floor sandstone was Cl·HCO₃-Na+K, the water chemistry types of Taiyuan and Ordovician limestone were Cl·HCO₃-Na+K·Ca and SO₄·HCO₃-Ca. The water chemistry of groundwater was influenced by the interaction of water and rock.