Abstract: In order to explore the effect of phosphating inhibitor, the experimental method was used for the application of temperature - gas chromatography. In this paper, the release laws of CO, C₂H₄, the temperature enhance stage, the temperature of cross pot and the resistance rate of the spontaneous combustion were compared and analyzed in the process of low temperature oxidation of the original coal samples and samples adding different inhibitors. The results show that: due to the resistance of the inhibitor, the temperature points of CO and C₂H₄ are obviously lagging behind the original coal samples, and the release amount is relatively low compared to the raw coal sample; in the process of coal oxidation, the three phases and cross temperature points were significantly different, and by the calculation of the resistance rate, it was concluded that 20% of the subsodium phosphatide had better resistance effect and the resistance rate was 66.6%; through the Fourier infrared spectrum analyzer, the influence of the inhibitor on the distribution of active functional groups in coal is demonstrated, that is the reducibility of hypophosphorous acid root produced from sodium hypophosphite with the increase of temperature, and C=O in the coal molecular structure is more likely to react with it, and the —CH₂，—CH₃ in the fat hydrocarbon, are combined with the root ion, which leads to the decrease of fat hydrocarbon; on the macro level, the reduction of CO and olefin gas emission is a good inhibitor.