Abstract: The shearer operators are one of most susceptible workers of coal pneumoconiosis in underground coal mines, which is intensive and tough for national occupational disease prevention and control, to study and analyze the pollution mechanism of the operating environment of coal mining machine drivers and propose corresponding countermeasures are the keys to solve the problem. According to the characteristics that the shearer-generated dust in the working face is the maximum dust source, numerical simulation is used to analyze the migration, diffusion and distribution of shearer-generated dust. The result showed that the operating environment could be polluted primarily by the diffusion and transportation of the shearer-generated dust cloud, under the influence of workface size, layout of equipment, air quantity and external water spray system. The technique was proposed to optimize the configuration parameters of water spray system in order to control and reduce the transport and diffusion of the dust to the walk side of the shearer and to reduce the dust connecting rate of coal mining machine drivers, and the application effect is obvious.