高位硬厚关键层下开采弹性能分布研究
Study on Distribution of Elastic Energy Under High Hard and Thick Key Strata Mining
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摘要: 高位硬厚关键层下开采弹性能异常集中，采用数值模拟的方法研究了上覆硬厚关键层条件下弹性能分布特征，并分析了硬厚岩层不同厚度下弹性能分布特征。研究表明：受硬厚岩层的影响，工作面在开采过程中，煤壁前方以及煤壁前方硬厚岩层底部煤岩体处于高能量状态，易发生高能量微震事件；硬厚岩层破断过程中，释放大量的能量，造成煤岩体积聚的能量突然增大；在动力扰动作用下，造成煤岩体强烈震动，容易诱发矿震、冲击地压、压架、煤与瓦斯突出、离层水等重大动力灾害。随着硬厚岩层厚度的增加，破断前后煤壁前方的能量集中程度逐渐减小，硬厚岩层底部煤岩体能量集中范围增加。Abstract: Under the mining of high hard and thick key strata, the elastic properties are abnormal. The numerical simulation method is used to study the distribution characteristics of elastic properties under the condition of hard and thick layer. The study shows that the hard and thick strata of working face in the process of mining, in front of the coal wall and the bottom of the hard and thick strata of coal and rock in front of the coal wall is in the state of high energy, which is prone to high energy micro-seismic events; in thick and hard rock breaking process, large amounts of energy is released caused by coal rock mass energy increasing suddenly in the dynamic disturbance caused by coal rock under the action of strong vibration, which easily induced mine earthquake, rock burst, pressing frame, coal and gas outburst and water separation and other major disasters. With the increase of the thickness of the hard and thick strata, the energy concentration in front of the coal wall before and after the breaken is decreased gradually, and the energy concentration range of coal and rock mass at the bottom of the hard coal seam is increased. The results of this study can be used for the prediction and prevention of dynamic disasters in the mining of high hard and thick strata.
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