Abstract: There were some unknown problems that underground water recharges to shallow aquifer during coal mine constructing; we researched the water quality influence of groundwater recharge with high salinity mine water by taking a coal mine in the hinterland of the ecologically fragile Mu Us desert as the research object. The results showed that aeolian sand was used as porous medium during mine water recharge, which can remove many pollution components （e.g. NH₄, NO₃, COD and escherichia coli). Mine water underground recharge can increase the amount of water resources, avoid the secondary pollution and reduce ineffective evaporation. There is abundant and low salinity water resource in aeolian sand bed. Dilution effect effectively reduce the TDS concentration of mine water, and the influence range of high salinity mine water is within 80 m. The mine water can be directly used as groundwater resource. Both surface recharge during coal mine construction and underground reservoir during coal mine production can be used to effectively protect and utilize mine water to realize green sustainable development in western mining area.