Abstract: The spontaneous combustion level of bituminous coal is low and the spontaneous combustion characters also change with the change of metamorphic grade, in order to research the relationship between metamorphic grade and spontaneous combustion, we select four kinds of bituminous coal with different metamorphic grades to analyze the characters in the spontaneous combustion and calculate the performance activation energy through the temperature programmed system; through the research, we find that the performance activation energy of coal is powerful with low metamorphic grade and small particle size and it is more prone to spontaneous combustion, so, we analyze the relationship between metamorphic grade and spontaneous combustion well and provide the theory base for spontaneous combustion of bituminous coal.