Abstract: In order to manage miners’ unsafe behavior and reduce the occurrence of coal mine safety accidents, this paper aims to explore the influence of psychological contract violation on the miners’ unsafe behavior, as well as to examine the moderating effect of perceived organizational support based on the social exchange theory. Through 325 valid questionnaires from a local coal mine in Shanxi province and through the hierarchical regression method, we find that the violation of psychological contract has a significant negative predictive effect on the safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior and perceived organizational support plays a moderating role in the relationship between psychological contract violation and miners’ safety compliance behavior and safety participation behavior.