煤层底板采动应力分布及破坏特征
Stress Distribution and Failure Characteristics of Coal Seam Floor Mining
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摘要: 基于弹性理论建立了沿煤层走向采动底板受力力学模型，计算了煤层回采过程中底板内任一点处的剪应力大小。根据武所屯煤矿16105工作面采场条件，利用FLAC3D数值仿真软件对工作面回采过程中底板的应力分布规律进行流固耦合数值模拟。研究表明：煤层回采后，采空区底板垂直应力等值线呈“椭圆型”分布，采空区底板垂直应力向底板深部先迅速减小后缓慢增加，且增加的幅度越来越小。工作面两侧采动底板剪应力等值线大致呈“泡型”分布，当工作面推进至工作面见方（工作面推进距离等于其斜长）期时，底板剪应力达到峰值12 MPa，此时底板剪切破坏最为严重，同时还模拟计算了16105工作面底板的最大破坏深度为15 m。Abstract: Based on the theory of elasticity, mining floor stress mechanical model was established along the coal seam mining, the size of shear stress in coal floor was calculated in the process of coal mining. Based on stope conditions of Wusuotun Mine 16105 working face, we use numerical simulation software FLAC3D to conduct fluid-solid coupling numerical simulation of stress distribution in coal floor. The research shows that: after coal seam mining, vertical stress contours of gob floor is “elliptic type” distribution, gob floor vertical stress decreases rapidly at first and then increases slowly toward the deep floor, and increase rate tends to small. Mining floor shear stress distribution is roughly “bubble type” distribution on both sides of the working face, when advancing distance equals to working face inclined length, floor shear stress reaches to peak of 12 MPa, floor shear failure is most severe at this time. Simulation calculation shows that the maximum damage depth of 16105 face floor is 15 m.
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