Abstract: The existing emergency refuge evacuation system can not meet the demand to escape fully, there are some problems, such as unreasonable location selection of refuge chamber and low escape efficiency. Aiming at the influence of gas explosion, coal dust explosion, high temperature and toxic or harmful gases on workers, multiple alternative chambers were built on refuge routes and the roadway equivalent length that workers walked through was attained. The three parameters of min (t₁, t₂, t₃), D_ij and V were taken into account to establish the emergency evacuation model of coal mine stope disasters, and it was concluded that safety coefficient Ｋ was obtained. Combined with cases, the safety of evacuation process and the utilization rate of refuge chamber were analyzed by simulation, then the arrangement and choice of refuge chambers was discussed, which provided effective reference for emergency evacuation.