Abstract: To research the influence of mine goaf gas and different oxygen nitrogen ratios atmosphere on coal spontaneous combustion in goaf, coal sample low temperature oxidation experiment system was established, eighteen experimental plans were designed under the condition of different oxygen nitrogen ratios, and the low temperature oxidation of combustion coal samples were carried out on experiment system under eighteen types atmosphere plans. Research shows that coal sample CO initial output temperature of high oxygen nitrogen ratio is lower than that of low oxygen nitrogen ratio, and high methane concentration inhibit CO production; C₂H₄ production decreases with the increase of methane concentration, reduces with oxygen nitrogen ratio decrease, and methane atmosphere inhibit C₂H₄ production; after the inflection temperature, CO₂ production rate of high oxygen nitrogen ratio and low methane concentration is higher than that of low oxygen nitrogen ratio and high methane concentration; C₂H₆ production reaches peak value at 160 ℃, and then begins to slow down.