Abstract: From the safety psychology of coal miners, the influence of behavior-based safety (BBS) on coal miners’ psychology was explored, in order to solve the problem of coal mine safety and maintain the mental health of coal miners. Drawing lessons from the unsafe psychological questionnaires of existing miners, 120 coal miners were taken as research objects to carry out the evaluation respectively before and after the BBS implementation. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the results of two questionnaires. The results showed that the safety psychology level of coal miners changed from “heavy” to “lighter”, and four first-level indicators had improved, including safety helplessness, reverse psychology, paralysis psychology, temporary psychology. It was proved that the implementation of BBS was very effective to improve the safety psychology.