Abstract: For the safe hidden trouble of vertical shaft extension exposing 15^# high gas coal seam, this paper analyzes the vertical shaft wall near head of working face and the stress distribution characteristics, combined with the numerical simulation of the vertical shaft excavation, the paper analyzes the height range H₁ of the wall stress concentration area and transverse impact scope of the x-z plane L₁ and height range H₂ in front of heading face of stress concentration and the corresponding value range of L₂ in transverse impact scope of x-z plane. According to the above conclusion, drilling gas pre-drainage and pressure relief is carried out at the scene to ensure the shaft to expose 15^# coal seam successfully.