Abstract: The reliability of waste stone exhaust system has close relation with the reliable operation of transport system, this paper combined with transportation system status in a mine, optimized original operating line by building independent waste stone exhaust system and temporary waste stone exhaust system, and then studied and proposed the mathematical model of waste stone exhaust system based on Markov theory. In order to verify the optimization effect of hauling track, the reliability of each device in the system and the whole were analyzed based on this model.