Abstract: To solve the difficult problem in assessing the risk of gas explosion under coal mine, a model based on AHP and uncertainty measurement theory was built. Fifteen influence factors, such as average gas concentration, gas content of coal seam, average relative gas emission and so on, were made as the coal mine gas explosion indices. The index weights were judged by AHP and the measurement functions were built according to uncertainty measurement theory, the risk levels were determined by using credible degree recognition. Through practical application, the model results are consistent with the actual results, it can make a more accurate and reliable assessment of the coal mine gas explosion risk level and it will provide a powerful reference for the future work of coal mine gas prevention and control.