Abstract: Coal mine collapse column is one of important factors in mining face and safety production. The transmission channel wave detection principle and data acquisition model were expounded in the paper, and several key technologies in data processing were summarized. Combined with the collapse column exploration and contrast research at 3204 working face in Tiandi Wangpo Coal Mine, the result shows that the attenuation effect of collapse column on transmission channel wave is obvious, and transmission channel wave CT imaging results can accurately identify areas of collapse, which is the effective mean to detect collapse column of coalface.