Abstract: For studying the general rule and characteristic of thermodynamic disasters, by analyzing the serious and especially serious accidents of China coal mine gas explosion and fire disasters from the year of 2005 to 2014, the regular and characteristics were got by bar charts and line charts through studying the law of the time, the region, and the occurrence time of coal thermodynamic disasters during these ten years. We obtained that the accidents often occurred in the beginning like January and April and the middle of a year July and October and November, and Shanxi, Heilongjiang, Guizhou are more likely to make the accidents happen. We study the characteristics and mechanisms of gas explosion and fire disasters and propose some counting measures and inspiration for coal mine safety.