Abstract: For the problems of waste time and energy and low remote sensing monitoring precision of scene investigation of coalfield fire area, 433 MHz and GPRS communication technology is adopted to build a temperature wireless sensor network. Its wireless sensor is powered by lithium and solar battery and thus can be operated without AC power supply in the field of work for a long time. Its topological architecture, working principle, monitoring nodes and hardware and software design of wireless substation were introduced in detail.