Abstract: A typical mining face of Kongzhuang Mining Area was taken as an example; the discrete element numerical software PFC (Particle Flow Code) was used to simulate the upper and lower coal and rock caving process during the mining process. We analyze the forming process of generation and development of overlying coal and rock fracture, and get the overlying coal and rock fracture evolution laws and acoustic emission incidents. The results showed that, after mining, the caving zone, fractured zone and separation zone appeared in overlying coal, of which the maximum height was 67.42 meters. Overlying coal above the mined-out area developed about a 45 ° angle, which developed from down to up and moved forward continuously with the advancing mining.