Abstract: The light scattering method is widely used in the field of dust detection, and the core of the technology is the detection error. In order to further reduce the detection error of dust concentration, a light scattering multi-source coupling dust concentration detection technology is proposed in this paper. The study analyzes the basic principle of MIE light scattering, mathematically deduces the light scattering multi-source coupling theory, determines the two optimal angles of light scattering, and develops the light scattering multi-source coupling dust concentration detection unit and prototype. Based on the test preparation and system, the photoelectric sensors 1 and 2 of the prototype are tested. The multi-source data coupling method is used to couple the AD values of the photoelectric sensors 1 and 2, and a dust concentration detection algorithm is proposed to form the light scattering multi-source coupled dust concentration detection technology. The test found that the detection relative error of the light scattering multi-source coupling prototype is less than 9.5%, which is 4.7% smaller than that of photoelectric sensor 1 and 4.9% smaller than that of photoelectric sensor 2. It is proved that the relative error of the light scattering multi-source coupling prototype is reduced by 4.7% compared with the single-angle detection.