采场顶板初次断裂位置及其影响因素
Initial Fracture Position of Stope Roof and Its Influence Factors
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摘要: 通过采用Winkler弹性基础理论、UDEC数值模拟和实验室相似材料模拟方法，研究了邻近岩层约束作用对顶板断裂位置的影响。研究得出：单梁模型由于没有考虑覆岩的约束作用，其分析结果与实际存在较大差别；煤壁塑性区的存在是顶板超前煤壁断裂的前提，但由于受覆岩约束的影响，断裂位置通常并不与弹塑性分界重合，也不与离层起始点重合，其间关系受岩梁刚度、煤层刚度、层间黏结力大小影响；顶板刚度越大，断裂位置越靠近弹塑性分界点，顶板刚度越小则越靠近煤壁；层间黏度越大，断裂位置越靠近煤壁，甚至出现在煤壁后方。Abstract: Based on the theory of Winkler elastic foundation, numerical simulation software of UDEC and laboratory similar material test, we consider that the fracture position of the stope roof is governed by adjacent strata. The research shows that the single beam model is quite different from the actual situation caused by the overburden. The existence of plastic zone is the precondition of roof fracture position ahead of the coal wall, and the fracture position is not usually associated with elastic-plastic boundary, nor with the starting point of separation, which is affected by the rigidity of roof, the rigidity of the coal and the bond force among the layers. The harder of the roof, the closer of roof fracture position to the plastic zone boundary, the smaller the roof stiffness, which is closer to the coal wall. The increase of the bonding force among the layers leads to the fracture position backwards, even appeared at the behind of coal wall.
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