破碎厚泥岩顶板煤巷变形力学机制及控制技术
Deformation Mechanism and Control Technology of Coal Tunnel with Broken Extra-thick Mudstone
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摘要: 针对某矿厚松软破碎泥岩顶板运输巷变形大、支护构件大面积失效、持续变形剧烈的工程难题，通过对巷道变形破坏特征及变形力学机制进行分析，确定了巷道围岩类型为膨胀-裂隙节理化软岩；在原支护方案的基础上，提出了长锚索+锚网喷（方案1）和长短锚索多级控顶+锚网喷（方案2）2种优化方案，并采用FLAC3D软件数值模拟了2种优化方案的支护效果；工程实践表明：在采用长短锚索多级控顶+锚网喷耦合支护方案后，顶板最大下沉量为96.87 mm，两帮移近量为111.1 mm，底鼓量为112.7 mm，分别为原支护方案的22.4%、17.63%、32.18%，改善了巷道围岩受力状态，有效控制了巷道有害变形。Abstract: According to the complete deformation of transportation tunnel, widespread failure of supporting construction, and the serious deformation, we determine that roadway surrounding rock belongs to expansion-fracture highly-jointed soft rock through the analysis of failure features and the deformation mechanism; what's more, based on the original supporting scheme, we propose two schemes, that is, long anchor cable + anchor net spray (scheme 1) and multilevel roof controlling by long and short anchor cable + anchor net spray (scheme 2), and we simulate their effects by means of FLAC3D software; furthermore, the practice shows that the latter scheme makes a great difference to improve the stress state of tunnel surrounding rock and effectively retard the harmful deformation of tunnel. To be specific, compared with the original supporting scheme, the biggest amount of roof subsidence becomes 96.87 mm, two-side displacement is 111.1 mm and floor-heave quantity is 112.7 mm, respectively 22.4%, 17.63% and 32.18% of the original supporting scheme. It improves the stress state of roadway surrounding rock, the effective control of harmful deformation of roadway.
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