Abstract: In view of the deficiency of existing fire prevention materials, combined the characteristics of yellow mud and gel, we developed a new composite materials which can prevent spontaneous combustion of residual coal more efficiently and scientifically. Composite slurry that compounds yellow mud and polymer gel, with fluidity and targeting property, breaks through the defects of single fire prevention materials. In view of initial setting time, viscosity, gelling time, material, based on the characteristics of the solid-liquid two-state, using the experiments and linear regression methods, the relationship among different components and its performance were researched, and the best raw material components and ratios were chosen. Ultimately, we determined that the best proportion for the water and soil ratio was 4:1, and the dosage of base material was 4%, and the dosage of coagulant was 5%, and the dosage of polymer materials was 0.75‰. The new composite material used to prevent spontaneous combustion of residual coal in gob areas is good at fluidity and gelling.