Abstract: By using self-development coal sample gas adsorption device, under the conditions of different gas adsorption pressure after coal sample reaching adsorption balance, the device carries out coal sample spontaneous combustion experiment by heating experiment device of program and analyzes coal gas composition in different temperature by gas chromatograph and researches the impact of coal sample gas adsorption on spontaneous combustion characteristics. The results showed that different coal samples that containing gas adsorption pressure have significantly influence on spontaneous combustion characteristics. Compared with non-adsorptive gas coal sample between different amount of gas combustion characteristics of coal sample experiment, in the process of coal spontaneous combustion oxidation, adsorption gas has a promoting effect on the production of CO, which has inhibiting effect on producing CO₂, C₂H₄,C₂H₆, both adsorption gas of coal sample of the critical temperature and air-crack temperature increase.