Abstract: Based on the overlying strata spatial structure and the different mining conditions of both sides of No.3 upper coal pillar, distribution features of coal pillar overburden and stress transfer laws were analyzed; the static bearing stress of the coal pillar on average size was estimated. Secondly, the lower coal and rock stress field function under coal pillar is analyzed and calculated by using elastic mechanics method. Finally, based on the genetic theory and mining practice of rock burst, excavation roadway position discriminant formula under the island coal pillar taking stress as indicators was proposed. Through theoretical analysis, mine pressure observation methods and so on, distance between mining transport lane of No.3 lower 510 working face and coal pillar needs separation distance more than 5 m was initially concluded, and according to the principle of prevention and control of rock burst and conducive to resource recycling, location of mining transport lane of No.3 lower 510 working face was determined (separation distance of coal pillar was about 7 m). The effect is good, and the rationality of the method about roadway layout under the island coal pillar was verified.