Abstract: Focus on the accident reasons of unsafe acts about the manufacturing execution and hidden danger and accidents treatment, using quantitative analysis and literature analysis, we identify miners′ unsafe behavior including five miners latent variables which are safety management, safety operation ability, working pressure, working atmosphere and unsafe psychological. Collecting data by the questionnaire, using STATA12.0 statistical analysis tools and the method of SEM, the miners′ unsafe behavior structure model is constructed, which reveals the path of the model parameters and their mechanism of action. According to each path calculation results, we propose some suggestions to improve the miners′ unsafe behavior.