Abstract: Ventilation system plays the vital role in drifting tunnel, and the layout of its fan drum seriously affects the efficiency of dust collection, but because carrying experiment has the shortcomings of large capital investment and high risk, the CFD numerical analysis method has become a powerful supplement of optimizing the layout of ventilation system in the actual tunnel. So for one actual drifting tunnel and its long pressure and short pumping dust collection system, a three-dimensional model and its mesh generation are established by the ICEM software, then using the transient DPM model in FLUENT 15.0 software to optimize the parameters of positive pressure and negative pressure fan drum of long pressure and short pumping dust collection system in drifting tunnel. The results show that, for the actual drifting tunnel, when the distance of positive pressure and negative pressure fan drum' outlets to working face are respectively 8 m and 2 m, the height of positive pressure and negative pressure fan drum are respectively 2.2 m and 1 m and the diameter of the positive pressure fan drum is smaller, dust removal efficiency near the working face is higher.