Abstract: Insufficient investment and irrational of safety investment structure is one of the causes of accidents occurring in the coal industry. In order to investigate the reasonableness of safety investment structure, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was carried out on the safety investment structure by M (1,2,3 ) model based on analyzing the correlation between coal mine safety investment and safety status. The evaluation results show that personnel training and investment in safety technology is the key of accident prevention, safety management investment is the main factor of affecting the rationality of coal mine safety investment structure and the coal mining enterprises should strengthen the investment in safety management; the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation based on M(1,2,3) model can improve the precision of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, and the better recommendations can be made according to evaluation results.